Health Trivia: Do You Know What Condition This Woman Has?

Raynaud's Phenomenon

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Question 1



Do you know what this woman has?

Case study: A 38 year old female, without any other known medical conditions, presents to her doctor with complaints of a two year history of discoloration of her fingers when exposed to cold temperatures. She states that her fingers turn white and then blue upon cold exposure. When the fingers are rewarmed, they frequently turn red. The episodes usually last approximately fifteen minutes, affect both hands and are associated with a slight burning sensation and mild numbness. What condition does this patient have?

A

Reflex sympathetic dystrophy

B

Acrocyanosis

C

Raynaud's Phenomenon

D

Carpal tunnel syndrome

Question 1 Explanation: 

This patient has Raynaud's phenomenon. Raynaud's is caused by the constriction of blood vessels. It most often involves the fingers and toes and is brought on by cold exposure or stress. There is a characteristic color change from white to blue to red, although the red phase does not always occur. Raynaud's can occur without any associated disease process (primary Raynaud's) or may be associated with other autoimmune diseases such as lupus, rheumatoid arthritis and scleroderma. Raynaud's can usually be treated non-medically by cold avoidance and reduction of stress. A suggestion for cold avoidance is wearing gloves or heavier socks right before knowingly being exposed to cold. Also Raynaud's will likely resolve with simple rewarming measures. Patients without resolution of symptoms in the usual timeframe should seek medical attention to avoid injury to the fingers or toes. Peripheral vascular disease could also be considered in this patient. However, this rare disorder presents somewhat differently from Raynaud's. Instead of the classic white-blue-red color change of Raynaud's, it causes a bluish-red discoloration of the hands and feet that does not resolve quickly and is usually painless.

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