Earthquakes in the Santa Cruz Islands, Solomon Islands

Friday, Feb 01, 2013
A series of large, relatively shallow(10-50 km) tectonic earthquakes
has been occurring in the remote Santa Cruz Islands belonging to the
Solomon Islands in the past fewdays. Since 29 Jan, 13 quakes above
magnitude 5 including 3 above magnitude 6 have occurred in clusters in
2 areas. The first (29-30 Jan) and latest (today) cluster of quakes
was in an area about 50 km SW of Nata on Nenda Island, the second one
(31 Jan) about 50 km ENE of Nenda Island.... [more]
Tinakula volcano (Solomon Islands):thermal hotspot visible on 23 Oct 2012
Tuesday, Nov 13, 2012
A MODIS hotspot was visible on 23Oct at Tinakula Island, which could
indicate that (minor) activity is going on intermittently.
Tinakula volcano
stratovolcano 851 m / 2,792 ft
Santa Cruz Islands, Solomon Islands, -10.38°S / 165.8°E
Current status : minor activity or eruption warning (3 out of 5)
Tinakula webcams / live data
[ hide map ] [ enlarge map ]
Last update: 1 Feb 2013
Typical eruption style : strombolian
Tinakula volcano eruptions : 2012, 2008-2011, 2006-07, 2002 (?),
2001-02, 2002 (April)-2001, 1999, 1995, 1989-90, 1984-85,1971,
1965-66, 1955 (?), 1951,1909, 1897, 1886, 1871, 1869, 1857, 1855,
1840?, 1797, 1768, 1595
Tinakula volcano is located at the NW end of the Santa Cruz islands in
the Solomon Islands. It forms a small 3.5 km wide and steep island,
which is the upper 25% of avery active stratovolcano that risesmore
than 3 km from the sea floor.Tinakula is very similar to
Strombolivolcano in Italy.
Tinakula's active summit crater is often in strombolian activity and
the glowing bombs it ejects often roll down down a steep slope of
loose ash and scoria extending to the sea on the SW side of the
island.
The small 3.5 km wide Tinakula Island was inhabited until 1971 when a
major eruption and a tsunami occurred and prompted people to abandon
the island.
Tinakula has been frequently activesince it was first discovered by
theSpanish explorer Álvaro de Mendaña de Neira in 1595.
Background: The mainly andesitic Tinakula volcano resembles Stromboli
volcano in having a breached summit crater half-open to one side. It
extends from the 851-m-high summit to below sea level. Landslides
enlarged this scarp in 1965 and created an embayment on the NW coast.
Frequent historical eruptions have originated from a cone
constructedwithin the large breached crater. These have left the upper
flanks ofthe volcano and the steep apron of lava flows and
volcaniclastic debriswithin the breach unvegetated.
The flank cone of Mendana is located on the SE side, named after the
first western observer of an eruption of the volcano.
1971 eruption & tsunami
A major eruption of Tinakula began on 6 September 1971, when a large
explosion occurred from the summit crater that produced 2 pyroclastic
flows on the E and W sides of the volcano and was followed by a
tsunami 30 minutes later. A second explosion, also followed by a
tsunami occurred on 7 Sep.
The explosive activity at the summit was followed by an effusivephase
that opened a fissure vent about half way up in the western wall of
the landslide scar below thesummit craters. A lava flow from this
fissure reached the sea.
At the same time, intense strombolian activity continued fromthe
summit and built up a new summit cone. Incandescent blocks were
observed reaching several 100 m above the crater.
The activity increased towards the end of September and in October and
ended in December. Most of the population (160 inhabitants) was
evacuated.

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